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                "title": {
                    "_value": "Diabetes Type 2",
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                    "_value": "<h3>What is type 2 diabetes?</h3> \n<p>Type 2 <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/diabetes.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">diabetes</a> is a disease in which your blood glucose, or <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/bloodglucose.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">blood sugar</a>, levels are too high. Glucose is your main source of energy. It comes from the foods you eat. A hormone called insulin helps the glucose get into your cells to give them energy. If you have diabetes, your body doesn't make enough insulin or doesn't use insulin well. The glucose then stays in your blood and not enough goes into your cells.</p>\n\n<p>Over time, having too much glucose in your blood can cause <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/diabetescomplications.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">health problems</a>. But you can take steps to manage your diabetes and try to prevent these health problems.</p>\n\n<h3>What causes type 2 diabetes?</h3>\n<p>Type 2 diabetes may be caused by a combination of factors:</p><ul>\n<li>Being overweight or having <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/obesity.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">obesity</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/healthrisksofaninactivelifestyle.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">Not being physically active</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/type-2-diabetes/#causes\">Genetics</a> and family history</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>Type 2 diabetes usually starts with insulin resistance. This is a condition in which your cells don't respond normally to insulin. As a result, your body needs more insulin to help the glucose enter your cells. At first, your body makes more insulin to try to get cells to respond. But over time, your body can't make enough insulin, and your blood glucose levels rise.</p>\n\n<h3>Who is at risk for type 2 diabetes?</h3>\n<p>You are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes if you:</p><ul> \n<li>Are over age 45. <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/diabetesinchildrenandteens.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">Children, teenagers</a>, and younger adults can get type 2 diabetes, but it is more common in middle-aged and older people.</li>\n<li>Have <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/prediabetes.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">prediabetes</a>, which means that your blood sugar is higher than normal but not high enough to be called diabetes</li>\n<li>Had <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/diabetesandpregnancy.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">diabetes in pregnancy</a> or gave birth to a baby weighing 9 pounds or more.</li>\n<li>Have a family history of diabetes</li>\n<li>Are overweight or have obesity</li>\n<li>Are Black or African American, Hispanic/Latino, American Indian, Asian American, or Pacific Islander</li>\n<li>Are not physically active</li>\n<li>Have other conditions such as <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/highbloodpressure.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">high blood pressure</a>, <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/heartdiseases.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">heart disease</a>, <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/stroke.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">stroke</a>, <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/polycysticovarysyndrome.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">polycystic ovary syndrome</a> (PCOS), or <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/depression.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">depression</a></li>\n<li>Have low <a href=\"hdlthegoodcholesterol.html\" tid=\"6785\">HDL (good) cholesterol</a> and high <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/triglycerides.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">triglycerides</a></li>\n<li>Have acanthosis nigricans - dark, thick, and velvety skin around your neck or armpits</li>\n</ul>\n\n<h3>What are the symptoms of type 2 diabetes?</h3>\n<p>Many people with type 2 diabetes have no symptoms at all. If you do have them, the symptoms develop slowly over several years. They might be so mild that you do not notice them. The symptoms can include:</p><ul>\n<li>Increased thirst and urination</li>\n<li>Increased hunger</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/fatigue.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">Feeling tired</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/visionimpairmentandblindness.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">Blurred vision</a></li>\n<li>Numbness or tingling in the feet or hands</li>\n<li>Sores that do not heal</li>\n<li>Unexplained weight loss</li>\n</ul>\n\n<h3>How is type 2 diabetes diagnosed?</h3>\n<p>Your health care provider will use blood tests to diagnose type 2 diabetes. The blood tests include:</p><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/a1c.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">A1C test</a>, which measures your average blood sugar level over the past 3 months</li>\n<li>Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test, which measures your current blood sugar level. You need to <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/fasting-for-a-blood-test/\">fast</a> (not eat or drink anything except water) for at least 8 hours before the test.</li>\n<li>Random plasma glucose (RPG) test, which measures your current blood sugar level. This test is used when you have diabetes symptoms and the provider does not want to wait for you to fast before having the test.</li> \n</ul>\n\n<h3>What are the treatments for type 2 diabetes?</h3>\n<p>Treatment for type 2 diabetes involves managing your blood sugar levels. Many people are able to do this by living a healthy lifestyle. Some people may also need to take medicine.:</p><ul>\n<li>A healthy lifestyle includes following a <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/diabeticdiet.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">healthy eating plan</a> and getting <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/howmuchexercisedoineed.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">regular physical activity</a>. You need to learn how to balance what you eat and drink with physical activity and diabetes medicine, if you take any.</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/diabetesmedicines.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">Medicines</a> for diabetes include oral medicines, insulin, and other injectable medicines. Over time, some people will need to take more than one type of medicine to control their diabetes.</li>\n<li>You will need to check your blood sugar regularly. Your health care provider will tell you how often you need to do it.</li>\n<li>It's also important to keep your blood pressure and <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/cholesterollevelswhatyouneedtoknow.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">cholesterol levels</a> close to the targets your provider sets for you. Make sure to get your screening tests regularly.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<h3>Can type 2 diabetes be prevented?</h3>\n<p>You can take steps to help <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/howtopreventdiabetes.html?utm_source=mplusconnect\">prevent</a> or delay type 2 diabetes by losing weight if you are overweight, eating fewer calories, and being more physically active. If you have a condition which raises your risk for type 2 diabetes, managing that condition may lower your risk of getting type 2 diabetes.</p>\n\n<p class=\"NLMattribution\">  NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases</p>"
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                "title": {
                    "_value": "Type 2 diabetes",
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                    "_value": "<p>Type 2 diabetes is a disorder characterized by abnormally high levels of blood glucose, also called blood sugar. In this form of diabetes, the body stops using and making insulin properly. Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas that helps regulate blood glucose levels. Specifically, insulin controls how much glucose (a type of sugar) is passed from the blood into cells, where it is used as an energy source. When blood glucose levels are high (such as after a meal), the pancreas releases insulin to move the excess glucose into cells, which reduces the amount of glucose in the blood.</p><p>Most people who develop type 2 diabetes first have insulin resistance, a condition in which the body's cells use insulin less efficiently than normal. As insulin resistance develops, more and more insulin is needed to keep blood glucose levels in the normal range. To keep up with the increasing need, insulin-producing cells in the pancreas (called beta cells) make larger amounts of insulin. Over time, the beta cells become less able to respond to blood glucose changes, leading to an insulin shortage that prevents the body from reducing blood glucose levels effectively. Most people have some insulin resistance as they age, but inadequate exercise and excessive weight gain make it worse, greatly increasing the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes.</p><p>Type 2 diabetes can occur at any age, but it most commonly begins in middle age or later. Signs and symptoms develop slowly over years. They include frequent urination (polyuria), excessive thirst (polydipsia), fatigue, blurred vision, tingling or loss of feeling in the hands and feet (diabetic neuropathy), sores that do not heal well, and weight loss. If blood glucose levels are not controlled through medication or diet, type 2 diabetes can cause long-lasting (chronic) health problems including heart disease and stroke; nerve damage; and damage to the kidneys, eyes, and other parts of the body.</p>"
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                    "_value": "2024-04-20T16:13:00Z"
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                    "_value": "Type 2 Diabetes",
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                "summary": {
                    "type": "html",
                    "_value": "Learn about the symptoms of type 2 diabetes, what causes the disease, how it\u2019s diagnosed, and steps you can take to help prevent or delay type 2 diabetes."
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                    "_value": "2024-04-20T16:13:00Z"
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