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What is type 2 diabetes?

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Type 2 diabetes is a disease in which your blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high. Glucose is your main source of energy. It comes from the foods you eat. A hormone called insulin helps the glucose get into your cells to give them energy. If you have diabetes, your body doesn't make enough insulin or doesn't use insulin well. The glucose then stays in your blood and not enough goes into your cells.

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Over time, having too much glucose in your blood can cause health problems. But you can take steps to manage your diabetes and try to prevent these health problems.

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What causes type 2 diabetes?

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Type 2 diabetes may be caused by a combination of factors:

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Type 2 diabetes usually starts with insulin resistance. This is a condition in which your cells don't respond normally to insulin. As a result, your body needs more insulin to help the glucose enter your cells. At first, your body makes more insulin to try to get cells to respond. But over time, your body can't make enough insulin, and your blood glucose levels rise.

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Who is at risk for type 2 diabetes?

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You are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes if you:

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What are the symptoms of type 2 diabetes?

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Many people with type 2 diabetes have no symptoms at all. If you do have them, the symptoms develop slowly over several years. They might be so mild that you do not notice them. The symptoms can include:

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How is type 2 diabetes diagnosed?

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Your health care provider will use blood tests to diagnose type 2 diabetes. The blood tests include:

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What are the treatments for type 2 diabetes?

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Treatment for type 2 diabetes involves managing your blood sugar levels. Many people are able to do this by living a healthy lifestyle. Some people may also need to take medicine.:

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Can type 2 diabetes be prevented?

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You can take steps to help prevent or delay type 2 diabetes by losing weight if you are overweight, eating fewer calories, and being more physically active. If you have a condition which raises your risk for type 2 diabetes, managing that condition may lower your risk of getting type 2 diabetes.

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NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

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